南亚的兀鹫危机恶化

南亚的兀鹫危机恶化

南亚的三种兀鹫，在90年代后期锐减之后，情况没有多大好转，最近一项调查显示在印度的白腰兀鹫仍旧每年减少约40%。80年代还有上千万的兀鹫，今天可能只有约一万只，其他如细嘴兀鹫和印度兀鹫，也是减少到四万五及一千只。引致兀鹫死亡的原因，现在都认为是一种镇痛药diclofenac。

这个可不是他人的事情，中国是diclofenac的主要生产国，据说diclofenac也用在风湿药等成药里面，这可能会影响青藏高原的高山兀鹫种群。应该加以注意。也应该向西藏的同胞们说明这个问题，否则天葬的兀鹫可能会愈来愈少。印度兀鹫的消亡，已经很影响印度的帕西人的葬敛习俗了。以前孟买兀鹫满天，但现在一只不存，这可才是10年间的变化呢。

链接:

http://www.birdlife.org/news/news/2008/04/vulture_declines.html[/url]

Vulture crisis deepens

30-04-2008

Asian vultures will be extinct in the wild within a decade without urgent action to eliminate the livestock drug that has caused their catastrophic decline, a newly published paper warns.

The new study shows that the population of White-rumped Vultures Gyps bengalensis is dropping by more than 40 per cent each year in India where it has plunged by 99.9 per cent since 1992. Numbers of Indian G. indicus and Slender-billed Vultures G. tenuirostris together, have fallen by almost 97 per cent in the same period.

Conservationists say that banning the retail sale of the veterinary drug diclofenac and constructing three more captive breeding centres is the only way to save the birds. Manufacture of the veterinary form of the drug, as an anti-inflammatory treatment for livestock, was outlawed in India in 2006 but it remains widely available. Furthermore, diclofenac formulated for humans is being used to treat livestock.

The study, published in the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, states that White-rumped Vulture is now in dire straits with only one thousandth of the 1992 population remaining. Scientists counted vultures in northern and central India between March and June last year. They surveyed the birds from vehicles along 18,900 kilometres of road. Their study followed four previous counts, the last in 2003.

“Time has almost run out to prevent the extinction of vultures in the wild in India" —Professor Rhys Green, RSPB (BirdLife in the UK)

The researchers believe that numbers of White-rumped Vultures in India could now be down to 11,000 from tens of millions in the 1980s. Populations of Indian and Slender-billed vultures have dropped to around 45,000 and 1,000 birds respectively.

“Efforts must be redoubled to remove diclofenac from the vultures’ food supply and to protect and breed a viable population in captivity”, said lead author, Dr Vibhu Prakash, of the Bombay Natural History Society (Birdlife in India). All three species could be down to a few hundred birds or less across the whole country and thus functionally extinct in less than a decade. It is imperative that diclofenac is removed completely from use in livestock without any further delay to avoid the extinction of the three vulture species. Vulture numbers may be even lower than the authors estimate because many of the sites used for their study were in or near protected areas where populations are higher than the average.

“Time has almost run out to prevent the extinction of vultures in the wild in India. The ban on diclofenac manufacture was a good start but a ban on the sale of diclofenac and other drugs known to harm vultures is vital”, said co-author, Professor Rhys Green, of the RSPB and the University of Cambridge.

风入松 2008-5-2 04:35

我导师也转发了这个消息给我。希望更多的人知道吧，关注的人多了，行动就会有力量。把这个消息放到下期观察上去

Simba 2008-5-2 16:07

[quote]原帖由 风入松[/i] 于 2008-5-2 04:35 发表 [url=http://www.chinabirdnet.org/BBS/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=4442&ptid=864]

药代动力学】本品口服后吸收迅速，口服本品50mg，约0.63±0.57小时，血药浓度达峰值，本品蛋白结合率为99.7%，大约半数的活性物质，经过首过效应在肝内代谢，本品大约60%以代谢物形式从尿中排泄，少于1%以原形药排出，其余的药物从胆汁 ... [/quote]

知道了，不能肝胆相照又有风湿的人不适宜天葬.....

有没有积蓄，的确是一个问题。（哈姆雷特生于此时此地，大概就会问这个问题）

我觉得既然从牲畜里面发现这个问题，应该在详细一点做些研究。以前可能忽略了，又或者取样不足。

白牙的头像太中性啦，这么妖，小心被DJJ扭耳朵啊.......

[[i] 本帖最后由 Simba 于 2008-5-8 17:19 编辑 ]