冠企鹅的全球数量

冠企鹅的全球数量

快春节了, 本应贴一些高兴的消息, 但高兴之中总要面对一些现实的...

来自国际鸟盟的消息: http://www.birdlife.org/news/news/2009/01/rockhopper_decline.html[/url]

主要分布在大西洋英属领土的冠企鹅 (Northern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes moseleyi[/i], 翻译对吗?) 在过去50年的全球数量下降90%!

Penguins are walking an increasingly rocky road

16-01-2009

A new study, published in BirdLife International’s journal, Bird Conservation International, has revealed that the Northern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes moseleyi – which is principally found on UK territories in the South Atlantic – has declined by 90% over the last 50 years [1].

Historical records estimate that millions of penguins used to occur on Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island, but, declines (of more than 90%) have dramatically reduced their numbers in the last half century.

"Historically, we know that penguins were exploited by people, and that wild dogs and pigs probably had an impact on their numbers. However, these factors cannot explain the staggering declines since the 1950s, when we have lost upwards of a million birds from Gough and Tristan. The declines at Gough since the 1950s are equivalent to losing 100 birds every day for the last 50 years", said Richard Cuthbert of the RSPB (BirdLife in the UK) and lead author of the paper. "With more than half the world’s penguins facing varying degrees of extinction, it is imperative that we establish the exact reason why the Northern Rockhopper Penguin is sliding towards oblivion. Understanding what’s driving the decline of this bird will help us understand more about other threatened species in the Southern Ocean."

Possible factors for the decline of the Northern Rockhopper Penguin include climate change, shifts in marine ecosystems and overfishing.

There is concern that the British Government will not put any great effort or resources into wildlife conservation for the United Kingdom’s overseas territories. Meetings held so far between ministers from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, and the Department for International Development have failed to reach agreement.

"They are completely disinterested," said Sarah Sanders, the RSPB’s Overseas Territories Officer, said. "It's ridiculous and embarrassing. We are meant to be world leaders in biodiversity conservation and we can't even decide who is responsible for the overseas territories."

The Northern Rockhopper Penguin population on Gough is estimated at 32,000 to 65,000 pairs, with another 40,000 to 50,000 pairs on Tristan. These two strongholds account for more than 80% of the world population, the rest are found on two French-administered islands, St Paul and Amsterdam in the Indian Ocean, and are declining just as rapidly.

British overseas territories boast several species of bird found nowhere else in the world including four species classified as Critically Endangered, the highest threat category.

Tackling the interlinked threats of habitat degradation, invasive species and climate change in UK Overseas Territories is one of 10 Key Actions to prevent future avian extinctions that BirdLife has highlighted in a new publication, Critically Endangered Birds: a global audit

Bird Conservation International is the official journal of BirdLife International. It provides stimulating, up-to-date coverage of bird conservation topics important in today's world. For more information: BirdLife: Bird Conservation International.

[1] Population trends and conservation status of the Northern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes moseleyi at Tristan da Cunha and Gough Island. R. CUTHBERT, J. COOPER, M. BURLE, C.J. GLASS, J.P. GLASS, S. GLASS, T. GLASS, G.M. HILTON, E.S. SOMMER, R.M. WANLESS and P.G. RYAN. Bird Conservation International 2009, 19: 1-12

Simba 2009-1-17 12:55

[quote]原帖由 [i]張嘉穎 于 2009-1-17 10:53 发表 [url=http://www.chinabirdnet.org/BBS/redirect.php?goto=findpost&pid=7113&ptid=1151]

主要分布在大西洋英属领土的冠企鹅 (Northern Rockhopper Penguin Eudyptes moseleyi, 翻译对吗?) 在过去50年的全球数量下降90%!

[/quote]

Rockhopper Penguin按“世界鸟类分类与分布名录”是名为“凤头黄眉企鹅”的，可是这是没有将Northern Rockhopper与Southern Rockhopper分开，仍旧视为Eudyptes chrysocome。Eudyptes moseleyi以前列做一个亚种的。我建议就按英文把Eudyptes moseleyi叫“北凤头黄眉企鹅”吧（它分布在南纬40度左右的南大西洋和印度洋，比分布于50度左右的Eudyptes chrysocome稍北）